What counts, and what can be kept
Under 9 V.S.A. § 4461(a), a security deposit is any refundable advance, deposit or prepaid rent, however named. The state sets no cap. The landlord may keep money only for:
- unpaid rent;
- damage to its property, unless caused by normal wear and tear or by events beyond your control;
- unpaid utility or other charges you were required to pay directly to the landlord or a utility;
- the cost of removing items you abandoned.
14 days
The landlord must return the deposit, with a written statement itemizing any deductions, within 14 days. The clock starts on the date you vacated, if you told the landlord that date, or otherwise on the date the landlord discovers you left. For a seasonal rental that is not a primary residence, the deadline is 60 days (§ 4461(c)). The statement and payment must be hand-delivered or mailed to your last known address.
New landlords and local ordinances
If the building changes hands, the deposit transfers to the new landlord, who must tell you its name and address. Towns may adopt deposit ordinances that add to the state protections. These can require interest and can send disputes to a local housing board of review (§ 4461(g)). Check your town's rules. Our calculator counts 14 days.
Steps to recover a Vermont deposit
- Tell the landlord your move-out date in writing so the 14 days start.
- Leave a forwarding address.
- Check for a local ordinance in your town.
- After 14 days, demand the full deposit, citing the forfeiture rule in § 4461(e).
- If that fails, file a claim in small claims court.
Neighboring states
New York caps deposits at one month and also uses 14 days. New Hampshire sets 30 days with interest, and Massachusetts allows triple damages.
Frequently asked questions
Is there a cap on security deposits in Vermont?
Not under state law. Local ordinances may add rules.
How long does a Vermont landlord have to return a deposit?
14 days after you vacate, or 60 days for seasonal rentals that are not a primary residence.
What happens if a Vermont landlord is late?
It forfeits the right to withhold any part of the deposit.
What is the penalty for willful failure in Vermont?
Double the amount wrongfully withheld, plus reasonable attorney's fees and costs.
Sources
Last reviewed Oct 17, 2026. Read how we verify. Found an error? Tell us.